The Tokelau Islands are a group of three tropical coral atolls which are governed by New Zealand. The Tokelau Islands are like a delicate string on the ocean, and the total landmass is only around twelve square kilometers. With no harbors or ports, getting to these islands is difficult, as ships must approach as close as possible and then sent rowboats to shore to offload passengers, cargo, and other items. When the weather is poor, no trade can occur, and the ship’s crew must wait for calmer conditions before attempting to row to shore.

Tokelau’s long term viability as an inhabited island chain is endangered by climate change and the strengthening cyclone season. With an average land height of only two meters above sea level, Tokelau is extremely vulnerable to even slight changes in ocean levels. Cyclones have been getting stronger and more frequent, and they wreak devastation over these vulnerable atolls. The lack of natural resources such as wood and stone mean that indigenous houses are especially susceptible to storm damage. The Tokelauan people have created a fund to pay for the building of sea walls to help offset some of the damage caused by these powerful cyclones, but as of yet, the sea walls are only in their planning phase.

Despite government efforts to encourage Tokelauan Islanders to remain on the trio of islands, many are emigrating to nearby New Zealand. This is causing a population drain of almost one percent every year. This may not sound like much, but with so few people living on Tokelau year round to begin with, any population shift away from the islands is cause for concern.

The Tokelauan people survive by subsistence farming in areas where they have improved the soil enough to grow crops, as Tokelau’s natural soil is nutrient-poor and not suitable for farming. Common crops are coconut, bananas, breadfruit, and taro. Islanders also raise pigs and poultry for food, in addition to fishing. Most of the island’s revenue comes from Tokelauans living in New Zealand, who send money to family members on the islands.

Despite its small size, with only around five hundred people living on each of the three islands, Tokelau has a modern school system and internet access. There is no charge or tax to send children to school, and attendance is close to one hundred percent. Also, there are reasonably well stocked public and school libraries on all three islands, contributing to the knowledge base of the local people. Also, adult education classes are offered on all three islands. Courses offered include nursing, marine training, typing, telecommunications, and well as training to work as dental and laboratory technicians. Training in trade classes is offered as well, with traditional skills taught such as weaving and carving. Adults can also learn skills in sewing and outboard motor maintenance.

Tokelau is a small nation, but it is full of national pride. The Tokelauan people and their government are dedicated to helping these islands persevere and survive despite the odds against them.